First record of Amaranthus crassipes subsp. warnockii (I.M.Johnst.) N.Bayón (Amaranthaceae) outside of the Americas, with nomenclatural notes

Background: The genus Amaranthus is taxonomically complex because of its high morphological variability, which led to nomenclatural confusion, misapplication names and misidentifications. Unfortunately, floristic taxonomic studies on this are still incomplete. A population crassipes subsp. warnockii was discovered in Monastir Governorate, Tunisia, representing the first record for both Tunisian African floras, as well one outside American native distribution area. Objectives: main aim present study (I.M.Johnst.) N.Bayón Tunisia Africa time. Morphological characters ecological data were provided. Clarification about typification crassipes, A. Scleropus amaranthoides also presented. Methods: work based field surveys, analysis relevant literature examination specimens preserved herbaria GH, HAL, P, RO, NY, US Herbarium Faculty Pharmacy (Monastir University). Results: Nomenclatural notes provided Schlechtendal’s (lectotype at designated by Henrickson 1999 but here corrected according Art. 9.10 ICN); Schrader’s [a superfluous illegitimate name (Arts. 52.1 52.2 ICN) regarded a homotypic synonym s.str.]; Moquin-Tandon’s [an invalid (Art. 36.1a ICN)]. Conclusion: an alien species growing human-made habitat clayey sandy substrates within ruderal vegetation where it can be considered casual. We hope that future continuous monitoring will take place, verify possible naturalisation spread taxon Tunisia. If latter happens, actions eradication plants needed.